What is a Sentence?

A sentence is a group of words that makes complete sense. It expresses a complete thought. Think of it as a single, full idea that you want to share. A sentence always starts with a capital letter and ends with a punctuation mark like a period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation mark (!). Furthermore, every single sentence has two main parts: the subject and the predicate. These two parts work together to create a full and meaningful statement.

एक वाक्य शब्दों का एक समूह है जो पूर्ण अर्थ देता है। यह एक पूर्ण विचार व्यक्त करता है। इसे एक एकल, पूर्ण विचार के रूप में सोचें जिसे आप साझा करना चाहते हैं। एक वाक्य हमेशा एक बड़े अक्षर से शुरू होता है और एक विराम चिह्न जैसे कि पूर्ण विराम (.), प्रश्न चिह्न (?), या विस्मयादिबोधक चिह्न (!) के साथ समाप्त होता है। इसके अलावा, प्रत्येक वाक्य के दो मुख्य भाग होते हैं: विषय (subject) और विधेय (predicate)। ये दोनों भाग एक पूर्ण और सार्थक कथन बनाने के लिए एक साथ काम करते हैं।

For example, in the sentence “Birds sing,” the word “Birds” is the subject and “sing” is the predicate. Therefore, you can see how both parts are essential. By contrast, if we just said “Birds,” it wouldn’t be a complete idea. Similarly, if we just said “sing,” we wouldn’t know who or what is performing the action. Therefore, it’s a good idea to remember this basic structure.

The Subject: Who or What?

The **subject** is the part of the sentence that names the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something. Basically, it tells you “who” or “what” the sentence is about. The subject is usually a noun or a pronoun. In essence, it’s the star of the show! To find the subject, simply ask yourself, “Who or what is doing the action?” or “Who or what is being described?”

**विषय (Subject)** वाक्य का वह भाग है जो किसी व्यक्ति, स्थान, वस्तु, या विचार का नाम बताता है जो कुछ कर रहा है या हो रहा है। सीधे शब्दों में, यह आपको बताता है कि वाक्य “किसके बारे में” है। विषय आमतौर पर एक संज्ञा (noun) या एक सर्वनाम (pronoun) होता है। इसे खोजने के लिए, बस खुद से पूछें, “कौन या क्या काम कर रहा है?” या “किसका वर्णन किया जा रहा है?”

The Predicate: The Action!

The **predicate** is the part of the sentence that tells us what the subject is doing or being. It always contains a verb and provides information about the subject. The predicate gives the action or a description. Think of it as the “action” part of the sentence. To identify the predicate, ask, “What is the subject doing?” or “What is happening to the subject?”

**विधेय (Predicate)** वाक्य का वह भाग है जो हमें बताता है कि विषय (subject) क्या कर रहा है या क्या हो रहा है। इसमें हमेशा एक क्रिया (verb) होती है और यह विषय के बारे में जानकारी प्रदान करता है। विधेय क्रिया या विवरण देता है। इसे पहचानने के लिए, पूछें, “विषय क्या कर रहा है?” या “विषय के साथ क्या हो रहा है?”

Consequently, you can see that both parts are crucial for a complete thought. Without a subject, we don’t know who is performing the action. Without a predicate, we don’t know what is happening. Therefore, the perfect sentence combines both. Meanwhile, this simple rule will help you build strong sentences from the very start.

Common Rules and Tips

Building sentences is easier than you think! Here are some simple rules to help you get started. By following these, you’ll naturally improve your writing skills and create clear, concise sentences. Remember, practice makes perfect!

• Rule #1: Start with a capital letter. Always begin your sentence with a big letter. This is a fundamental rule that signals the start of a new thought.
• Rule #2: End with a punctuation mark. Use a period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation mark (!) to show the end of your sentence. This tells the reader that your idea is complete.
• Rule #3: Every sentence needs a subject and a verb. This is the most important rule. Make sure you have a “who” or “what” and an “action” or “state of being.”
• Tip #1: Keep it simple. Start with simple sentences before moving to more complex ones. The formula “Subject + Verb” is a great way to start. For instance, “I run.” or “The sun shines.”
• Tip #2: Use colorful verbs. Instead of just “walk,” try “stroll,” “dash,” or “march.” Strong verbs make your writing more interesting and vivid.
• Tip #3: Read your sentences aloud. If a sentence sounds strange when you say it, it probably needs to be fixed. This trick is great for catching awkward phrasing.

Fill in the Blanks

Error Correction Rules

Even native speakers make mistakes! Here are some common errors and how to fix them. Knowing these will help you write more clearly and correctly.

• Error #1: Missing Subject or Predicate. A sentence must have both parts.
• Incorrect: Sings a beautiful song. (Who sings? The subject is missing.)
• Correct: She sings a beautiful song. (Added the subject ‘She’.)
• Error #2: Subject-Verb Agreement. The verb must match the subject. If the subject is singular (one person/thing), the verb should also be singular. If the subject is plural (more than one), the verb should be plural.
• Incorrect: The dogs runs fast. (Subject ‘dogs’ is plural, but verb ‘runs’ is singular.)
• Correct: The dogs run fast. (Verb ‘run’ is plural, matching ‘dogs’.)
• Error #3: Sentence Fragments. This is a piece of a sentence, not a complete one. It lacks a subject or a predicate.
• Incorrect: Running quickly down the street. (Who is running? The subject is missing.)
• Correct: The boy is running quickly down the street. (Added a subject ‘The boy’.)

Find the Error

Passage-Based Practice

Passage 1

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Passage 2